Lathe



(No Model.)

` F. A.'WELLMAN.

LATHE.

`y-Hof396.000. Patented sept?, a; 1788-5.

Fly!

` UNITED PATENT QFFI,...

LA-rer..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.l SvZGLOQQtdated September 8, 1885. Application mea. March 25, i885. (No meer f Toma/,ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS A. WELLMAN,

of Owosso, in the county of Shiawassee and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Lathes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in lathes for turning crooked sticks, such as are used in the manufacture of snaths, &c. The sticks for manufacturing snaths for scythes are obtained by splitting the timber so as to preserve the grain, and they have therefore often crooks or bends; and it is the object of my invention to provide a lathe adapted to turn such sticks.

My invention consists in the peculiar arrangement and construction of radia1lymov able knife-holders which perform the various functions of guiding the knives and feeding and guiding the stick; it'also consists in the peculiar arrangement and construction of the different parts of the machine in relation thereto, all as more fully hereinafter s'et forth.

Figure 1 is a plan View of my machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line a: m. Fig.'3 is a vertical cross-section on line y y. Fig. 4 is a vertical `section on line z z. Fig. 5 is a detached elevation of the spider in which theV knife-holders are placed. Fig. 6 is a detached perspective of the knives and knife-holders.

In `the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification, A is the spider,V

which supports the different parts of the machine. B are the arms of a spider,A radiating from a hollow cylindrical hub, C, which is `iournaled in suitable bearings upon the frame A. These spider-arms are radially grooved or slotted, so as to receive the knife-holders D. The inner ends of these knife-holders project into the hub through suitable holes therein corresponding tothe radial grooves in the spider-arm, and their inner faces are formed and arranged like the dies of a screwcutter.

E E are the knives, adj ustably secured to the innerends of the knife-holders, projecting alternately toward one end of the hub or 5o to the opposite.

F is ahollo`w drum sleeved upon the hub `screw-threads can take hold of it.

` and" incising the spider; up@ the inner face of this `drum are formedthe seats @with which the drum rests against thevends of the spider arms. These seats G are parallel to the axis of the hub, and are provided ,with an undercut and inclined groove, H, intowhich the outer end, I, of. each knife-holder is engaged, said'end being shaped similarly tofit the-groove. l v y,

J is a feed-screw journaled upon the frame A, andi provided with a drive pulley, K, at one end.'. i I

L is a forked lever fulcrumed upon lthehorizontal rod M, and embracing with its forked ends the drum upon opposite sides, the outer ends of the forks being provided with wooden ti s. i

ILJN is a halfscrew nut formed upon the lever and adapted to engage with the thread of the O is a weight adj ustably secured to the end of the lever L.

In* practice motion is communicated to the pulley K of the feed-screw J from a suitable counter-shaft, and alsov to the drum F, by means of a belt passing around it and leading over a pulley on a counter-shaft suitably arranged overhead. The operator takes astick, R, previously pointed, and: introduces it through4 the open endof the hub and presses the pointed end into the opening between the inner ends of the knife-holders, so that the While the operator keeps hold of the stick to prevent it from revolving, `the knives E, which project toward the front side, cut it down to such thickness "as will enable it to enter and pass through the opening between the ends of the knife-holders, the screw-threads of which out into the stick and feed it along. The knives E', which operate upon the rear side, cut the stick after it passes through the screw of the knife-holders; and their object is to cut away the screw-marks cut into the stick. As

soon as the stick comes out of the hub upon the opposite side another operator takes hold of it and removes it after it is finished while the first operator gets ready to repeat the operation with a new stick. While the stick is thus passing through the knives the drum is pushed laterally by the lever L, owing to its IOO engagement upon the feed-screw J. This displacement of the drum expands the knives radially, owing to the engagement ofthe knifeholders into the inclined grooves H, and the stick is thus turned in the desired tapering form.

The knives E are so adjusted that they will leave the stick thick enough to allow the screw ends of the knife-holders to get a good grip of it, and thus guide it firmly in the direction of its crooks and bends, the hub being made of sufficiently largev diameter to allow the stick to freely adjust itself within.

Fig. 2 shows the drum F in the position at the start. At the iinish the opposite end of the drum is in contact with the spider, and before beginning a new operation the drum has to be returned to its starting position. This may be done in any convenient way. In the drawings I show for this purpose a handlcver, S, to which two push-bars, T T, are pivotally secured, and which terminate in wooden tips abutting against the side of the drum. By properly operating this lever the drum is pushed back to its starting position after each operation. Before doing so, however, the nut N of the lever L has to be disengaged from the feed-screw J. Thisis done automatically by the lever U, which is pivotally secured at a, and has a weight or spring, V, secured to it for lifting its free end whenever it is disengaged from the hook-spring NV. The lever L passes through a slot, b, in lever U, and has a pin or stud, c, which at the end of the operation of the drum impinges against the hook-spring YV and disengages the lever V. The latter in lifting up tiitsrthe lever L and disengages its serew-nut N from the screw M. Before beginning the operation the lever U is again depressed.

The levers S and Uare placed in proximity to the operators and may be arranged as most convenient to facilitate the work.

Itwill be noticed that the lateral Amovement of the drum,which expands the knives, is perfectly independent of the rotary movement of the drum,and, if desired, a stick may be turned with or without taper, or with any degree of taper.

W'hat I claim as my invention is 1. In alathe for the purpose described, a revolving cutterhead axially apertured and provided with radial knife-holders, the inner ends of which form a screw-cutter and guide for the stick,and having seats for knives projecting in opposite directions from the screw, substantially as described.

2. In a lathe for the purpose described, a revol ving cutter-head axially apertured and provided with radial knife-holders sliding in said apertures, and the inner ends of which are screw-threaded to feed and guide the stick, in

combination with the knives E, secured to said v. knife-holders and cutting in advance of said screw, substantially as set forth.

3. In a lathe for the purpose described, a revolving cutter-head having radial knife-holders the inner ends of which are screwthreaded and adapted to feed and guide the stick, in combination with the knives E E', carried by said knife-holders and cutting in advance and in rear of said screw, all arranged substantially as dtseribed.

4. In a lathe for the purpose described, the spider B, formed with hollow hub C, the radially-movableknife-holders D, secured to the arms of the spider and having their inner ends screw threaded, and knives E E', secured thereto, the drum F, sleeved upon the hub and having the seats G,and inclined guideways H formed therein, all combined and arranged substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a lathe for the purpose described, a eentrally-apertured cutter-head revolving in stationary bearings and having knives secured to radially-movable knife-holders the inner ends of which are screw-threaded, in combnation with a laterally-sliding drum provided with inclined guideways into which the outer ends of the k nife-holders engage, substantially as described.

6. In a lathe for the purpose described, the combination of a hollow hub, O, journaled in stationary bearings and provided with the radial grooved arms B, of the radially-movable knife-holders D, screw-threaded upon their inner ends, and having knives E E secured thereto, of the sliding` drum F, having straight guideways G, for guiding it laterally, and in clined guideways H, into which the outer ends of the knife-holders engage, and of the forked lever L, and feed-screw J, for pushing the drum laterally, all arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a lathe for the purpose described, in combination with a cutter-head, such as formed by the hub C, arms B, knive-holders D, and knives E, journaled in stationary bearings, a laterally-sliding drum inclosing said cutterhead and forming the means for imparting motion to it and guiding its knife-holders radially by means of inclined guideways into which the knife-holders engage, substantially as described.

FRANCIS A. WELLMAN.

Witnesses:

H. S. SPRAGUE, E. J. ScULLY.

ICO

IIO 

